Silicon limitation on primary production and its destiny in Jiaozhou Bay, China——Ⅳ：Study on cross-bay transect from estuary to ocean   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Yang Dongfang  Chen Yu  Gao Zhenhui  Zhang Jing  Wang Fan 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2005,23(1):72-90

The authors analyzed the data collected in the Ecological Station Jiaozhou Bay from May 1991 to November 1994, including 12 seasonal investigations, to determine the characteristics, dynamic cycles and variation trends of the silicate in the bay. The results indicated that the rivers around Jiaozhou Bay provided abundant supply of silicate to the bay. The silicate concentration there depended on river flow variation. The horizontal variation of silicate concentration on the transect showed that the silicate concentration decreased with distance from shorelines. The vertical variation of it showed that silicate sank and deposited on the sea bottom by phytoplankton uptake and death, and zooplankton excretion. In this way, silicon would endlessly be transferred from terrestrial sources to the sea bottom. The silicon took up by phytoplankton and by other biogeochemical processes led to insufficient silicon supply for phytoplankton growth. In this paper, a 2D dynamic model of river flow versus silicate concentration was established by which silicate concentrations of 0.028–0.062 μmol/L in seawater was yielded by inputting certain seasonal unit river flows (m³/s), or in other words, the silicate supply rate; and when the unit river flow was set to zero, meaning no river input, the silicate concentrations were between 0.05–0.69 μmol/L in the bay. In terms of the silicate supply rate, Jiaozhou Bay was divided into three parts. The division shows a given river flow could generate several different silicon levels in corresponding regions, so as to the silicon-limitation levels to the phytoplankton in these regions. Another dynamic model of river flow versus primary production was set up by which the phytoplankton primary production of 5.21–15.55 (mgC/m²·d)/(m³/s) were obtained in our case at unit river flow values via silicate concentration or primary production conversion rate. Similarly, the values of primary production of 121.98–195.33 (mgC/m²·d) were achieved at zero unit river flow condition. A primary production conversion rate reflects the sensitivity to silicon depletion so as to different phytoplankton primary production and silicon requirements by different phytoplankton assemblages in different marine areas. In addition, the authors differentiated two equations (Eqs. 1 and 2) in the models to obtain the river flow variation that determines the silicate concentration variation, and in turn, the variation of primary production. These results proved further that nutrient silicon is a limiting factor for phytoplankton growth. This study was funded by NSFC (No. 40036010), and the Director's Fund of the Beihai Sea Monitoring Center, the State Oceanic Administration.  相似文献   

Modeling on adsorption–desorption of trace metals to suspended particle matter in the Changjiang Estuary     

Y. Y. Zhang  E. R. Zhang  J. Zhang 《Environmental Geology》2008,53(8):1751-1766

The uptake and release of trace metals (Cu, Ni, Zn, Cd, and Co) in estuaries are studied using river and sea end-member waters and suspended particulate matter (SPM) collected from the Changjiang Estuary, China. The kinetics of adsorption and desorption were studied in terms of environmental factors (pH, SPM loading, and salinity) and metal concentrations. The uptake of the metals studied onto SPM occurred mostly within 10 h and reached an asymptotic value within 40 h in the Changjiang Estuary. As low pH river water flows into the high pH seawater and the water become more alkaline as it approaches to the seaside of estuary, metals adsorb more on SPM in higher pH water, thus, particulate phase transport of metal become increasingly important in the seaward side of the estuary. The percentage of adsorption recovery and the distribution coefficients for trace metals remained to be relatively invariable and a significant reduction only occurred in very high concentrations of metals (>0.1 mg L⁻¹). The general effect of salinity on metal behavior was to decrease the degree of adsorption of Cu, Zn, Cd, Co, and Ni onto SPM but to increase their adsorption equilibrium pH. The adsorption–desorption kinetics of trace metals were further investigated using Kurbatov adsorption model. The model appears to be most useful for the metals showing the conservative behavior during mixing of river and seawater in the estuary. Our work demonstrates that dissolved concentration of trace metals in estuary can be modeled based on the metal concentration in SPM, pH and salinity using a Kurbatov adsorption model assuming the natural SPM as a simple surfaced molecule.  相似文献   

无机盐类对天然矿物低温催化混合酯生烃反应的影响   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

刘会平  张在龙  籍志凯  李波 《沉积学报》2008,26(5):886-890

脂肪酸酯是一类重要的生烃母质。选择了十四烷酸甲酯、十六烷酸甲酯和十八烷酸甲酯的混合酯为模型反应物,以方解石、白云石、伊利石、钙蒙脱石和黄铁矿为催化剂,分别考察了氯化钾、氯化镁、氯化钠、硫酸钠以及混合盐对天然矿物低温催化混合酯生烃反应的影响。结果表明,无机盐类对矿物催化下混合酯的生烃反应均有不同程度的影响,硫酸钠具有反催化作用,其它盐类具有正催化作用。且在各无机盐存在下,不同的矿物表现出不同的催化活性。  相似文献   

大气中的有机氮化合物及其向海洋的沉降     

毕言锋  刘素美  张经 《海洋科学进展》2006,24(4):604-610

近几年的研究表明,有机氮化合物是大气氮沉降的重要组成部分,对全球氮循环的贡献不可忽视。介绍了大气中有机氮化合物的组成、测定方法以及存在的问题,综述了大气有机氮化合物向海洋沉降的研究现状及其对海洋生态系统的影响,并探讨了未来的研究重点。  相似文献   

赤潮异弯藻抗体的制备及酶联免疫检测方法的建立     

亓海刚  米铁柱  辛泽毓  李荣秀  于志刚 《海洋学报》2006,28(5):167-172

赤潮异弯藻(Heterosigma akashiwo)是一种广泛分布于世界近岸海域的有害针胞藻类(Raphidophyte),也是我国近海常见的赤潮生物,曾经有多次引发赤潮的报道[1,2].在赤潮发生的早期,自然水体中赤潮生物的细胞密度相对较低,且赤潮藻个体微小,传统的鉴定方法,即海水样品采集后利用光学显微镜直接观察,主要用于藻的定性和分离,当样品量较多时,定量计数过程则烦琐、费时、费力,工作量大.  相似文献   

Development of a real-time PCR method for Thalassiosira rotula rapid detection     

HE Shanying  YU Zhigang  MI Tiezhu 《海洋学报(英文版)》2007,26(2):133-139

Gene specific primers and DNA probe were designed based on the sequence of 18S rDNA cloned from the red tide alga Thalassiosira rotula. A real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (RFQ-PCR) method was developed for quantitative detection of T.rotula. The RFQ-PCR assay data showed that the results obtained with the RFQ-PCR quite good agreement with those with the light microscope (LM) counting method, which suggested that the RFQ-PCR could be a useful method for red tide alga detection.  相似文献   

东海秋季典型站位沉降颗粒物通量   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

张岩松  章飞军  郭学武  张曼平 《海洋与湖沼》2006,37(1):28-34

2002年9月在东海的长江口、中陆架区和浙江近岸上升流区三个站位放置沉积物捕获器采集沉降颗粒物。在对颗粒有机碳(POC)、颗粒有机氮(PON)和总颗粒碳(PC)元素分析基础上,采用颗粒物通量模型对沉降通量进行了研究。镜检发现细小无机颗粒物和大颗粒聚合体是三个站位沉降颗粒物的主要形式。大颗粒聚合体有住囊类、粪球聚合体、硅藻聚合体和混杂聚合体四种类型。研究结果显示,东海中陆架区和浙江近岸上升流区沉降颗粒物中POC、PON和PC的百分含量均呈现随水深增加明显降低的趋势,但在长江口,这些成分的含量低且上下均匀。长江口观测到的是大风后的一个实例,存在强烈的再悬浮,各水层颗粒物沉降通量平均(±SE)高达(319.02±65.33)g/(m2.d),尽管如此,沉降颗粒物有机态C/N值却很高(18.0±0.9),明显受陆源颗粒物的影响。POC净沉降通量在浙江近岸上升流区为961mg/(m2.d)(水深55m),在东海中陆架区为123mg/(m2.d)(水深88m),可见浙江近岸上升流区是POC向海底转移的重要区域之一,其垂直转移能力明显高于东海中陆架区。在上升流区域和中陆架区,POC的输出比率大约分别为48%—77%和15%—21%。浙江近岸上升流区和东海中陆架区底层颗粒物再悬浮比率分别为66.50%和88.52%。研究显示,浙江近岸上升流区的水体底层颗粒物受底部平流的影响比东海中陆架区相对较强。  相似文献   

Study on copper complexing ligand concentrations in several China’s coastal waters     

GONG Haidong  ZHANG Zhengbin  LIU Chunying  LIU Liansheng 《海洋学报(英文版)》2006,25(1):64-77

Copper complexing ligand concentrations in the Daya Bay, Qingdao coast, Jiaozhou Bay, South China Sea and Huanghe Estuary waters were determined by the anodic stripping voltammetry technique. The distribution regularity and the relationship with other parameters were discussed. The results were as follows: Copper complexing ligand concentrations of the South China Sea were a little higher than those of other sea areas, and they were apparently higher than those of the ocean. Compared with the subsurface layer (SSL) in the sea surface microlayer copper complexing ligand concentrations showed an enrichment phenomenon, of which the mechanism is similar to dissolved organic matter. The metal complexing ligand concentration profiles of the South China Sea showed that the value in the sea surface was the highest, then it decreased with depth accruing, and a higher value appeared at the bottom. Copper complexing ligand concentrations were higher than those of cadmium and lead. Ligands in each sea area exhibited a complicated property. In short, the distribution regularity of copper complexing ligand concentrations in China' s coastal waters was consistent with that of other regions in the world. Meanwhile, the positive relationship between the copper complexing ligand concentrations and biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, dissolved organic carbon, and viscosity were found clearly.  相似文献   

胶州湾围隔浮游生态系统氮、磷营养盐迁移-转化模型研究   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2       下载免费PDF全文

李克强  王修林  石晓勇  祝陈坚  李瑞香 《海洋学报》2007,29(3):76-83

通过对目前生态动力学模型的总结和综合,以生态系统中氮、磷营养盐循环为主线,建立了适用于海洋围隔浮游生态系统的多变量的营养盐迁移-转化动力学模型.该模型包括浮游植物、浮游动物、溶解无机态营养盐、溶解有机态营养盐和生物碎屑5个模块,涉及溶解无机氮、磷酸盐、溶解有机氮、溶解有机磷、浮游植物、浮游动物和生物碎屑7个状态变量.分别利用1999年秋季和2000年夏季胶州湾围隔生态实验数据进行了模型和验证工作,成功地模拟了富加营养盐条件下围隔浮游生态系统中氮、磷营养盐生物化学迁移-转化过程,并确定了20余个参数的量值.  相似文献   

细菌对海水中各形态氮的影响   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王江涛  赵春霞  尹晓楠  王秋璐 《中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版)》2006,36(3):468-472

海洋细菌生长过程中,不但能利用体系中的有机物质,而且也能利用无机营养盐。本论文通过小麦岛细菌接种实验发现,细菌大量繁殖时吸收利用体系中的营养物质,生成颗粒态氮(PN)和溶解有机氮(DON),体系中溶解无机氮(DIN)、总溶解氮(TDN)降低至最低值。进入细菌指数生长期和稳定期后,颗粒态和有机态氮不断降解向体系中释放出无机营养盐,DIN和TDN呈现回升趋势,颗粒氮(PN)与细菌数量变化正相关。体系中,初始氮源的量决定了细菌体内POC/PN的比值,氮源充足,细菌繁殖数量多,POC/PN值低,氮源不足,细菌数量相对较少,POC/PN比值高。  相似文献